External thermal insulation (thermal façade) of the walls involves the installation of thermal insulation of the exterior side of the building’s vertical walls and its protection with successive layers of specialised materials so that it can stand the test of time, weather conditions, winds, strong collisions and anything else that can affect its operation.
The choice of the appropriate external thermal insulation of a building is done by taking the existing thermal insulation adequacy into consideration (for an old building) or the energy study (new building) in combination with the climate zone (region) the building is located in, its use and the building materials it consists of.
Application method:
Cleaning of the entire surface smoothing out of the area, and removal of various loose mortar.
The levelness of the façades is checked with filling guides.
If needed, marble skirting in placed on the windows given that these protrude from the final surface of the system.
A special metallic piece is placed at the base of the wall (usually at a height of 50 cm) which acts as a horizontal guide and must be absolutely perpendicular to the vertical peaks-corners of the building.
The thermal insulation boards of graphite expanded polystyrene (Neopor, at least 6 cm thick) or other thermal insulation material is adhered using a special thermal façade adhesive and they are installed so that the longest side runs horizontally (i.e., parallel to the ground), starting from the horizontal guide. It is important that these boards are intersected so that the vertical ends do not meed with the vertical ends of the thermal insulation board in the row beneath. Exactly what we look out for when laying bricks.
At the based on the thermal facade we create a waterproofing and protection zone. The density of the thermal insulation material increases and if necessary, is coated with a cementitious waterproofing material to avoid moisture from appearing in the future.
Depending on the height of the masonry, but also if it made of brick, concrete or cement boards, the thermal insulation boards are mechanically secured using the appropriate connectors.
The areas between the joints of the thermal insulation sheets or where they come in contact with the elements that interrupt the continuation of the surface are filled and all the areas protruding from the thermal insulation sheets are sanded down so that a flat surface without abnormalities is achieved (curves or peaks).
Corner profiles and drip channels are placed with the initial coating material so that is sets the framework within which the special coating will be applied. They are reinforced with rectangular glass mesh pieces which serve as the imaginary extension of the diagonal perspective of the windows and exterior doors.
This is followed by the basic render using a notched trowel (at a 45 degree angle), so as to determine the thickness of the render, by fully covering the polystyrene (which, by the way, needs to be cleaned from any sanding residue beforehand). The render layers are applied staring from the ceiling to the floor.
With the render still moist and soft, glass mesh (160 gr) is pushed into the render with the even side of the trowel, avoiding the formation of creased or blistering (i.e., areas that will not be covered by the render).
Once the first layer has set, the surface is primed with a coloured quartz silicone-based primer. The final layer consists of a waterproof, colour silicone-based render, which is given a special texture depending on the size of the quartz grain, and style that will be chosen by the architect or owner of the project.
Optionally:
In order to enhance the mechanical strength of the external thermal insulation system, it is recommended that double reinforcement (glass mesh) is placed on the sides of the building that are accessible to the public.
External thermal insulation (Thermal facade) has the following advantages:
Integrated thermal insulation, without the creation of thermal bridges at the concrete elements of the building, e.g., beams, columns, walls, etc.
External thermal insulation (thermal façade) protects wall surfaces from moisture because it does not create condensation conditions inside the building or inside the wall while waterproofing it.
The best use of the interior wall’s thermal capacity is achieved resulting in the desired temperature of the building being maintained for as long as possible after turning off the heating or the air conditioning.
External thermal insulation (thermal façade) does not reduce the surface area of the interior of the home since all the work is done on the exterior.
The exterior walls of the building a given a facelift.
The recommended thermal façade system, offers high breathability and elasticity and is highly resistant to pollutants, mould, and microorganisms. The final surfaces have “self-cleaning” properties.
The construction cost is amortised within five years.
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